Inquiry-Based Learning Strategies and Critical Thinking Skills of College Students

Critical thinking is an essential skill that enables students to analyze information, evaluate arguments, and make well-informed decisions. As educators seek to improve teaching strategies, inquiry-based learning (IBL) has emerged as an innovative approach that fosters critical thinking by actively engaging students in exploring real-world problems. This study aimed to examine the implementation level of IBL strategies among college students and assess their critical thinking skills. Additionally, it sought to investigate the relationship between the extent of IBL implementation and the development of students' critical thinking abilities. Conducted at Lanao National College of Arts and Trades (LNCAT) in Marawi City, Philippines, the study involved 108 college students, selected using a total enumeration non-probability sampling method. Data were collected through a researcher-developed survey on IBL strategies and the Critical Thinking Questionnaire (CThQ). Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings reveal that technical strategies, especially the use of digital tools, are frequently implemented; however, student engagement online could be enhanced. Student-centered strategies are highly valued by students, particularly the opportunity to provide suggestions, although media tools like PowerPoint are underutilized. The teacher-facilitated strategy, particularly the use of real-world examples, is also highly implemented; however, feedback on students’ critical thinking processes requires improvement. Overall, students demonstrated “Above Average” critical thinking skills, excelling in analyzing, evaluating, and creating information. The regression analysis showed that student-centered strategies had the most significant influence on critical thinking, followed by technical and teacher-facilitated strategies. These findings underscore the importance of adopting balanced and innovative IBL practices to further enhance the development of critical thinking.