Oral Manifestations of Autoimmune Diseases: Observational Study in Patients Treated at a Dental Clinic

Autoimmune diseases with oral manifestations represent a significant diagnostic challenge in dental practice, as they are often the first signs of complex systemic processes. This study aimed to describe the main epidemiological aspects of autoimmune diseases involving the oral cavity in patients treated in a private clinic between June 2022 and June 2025. A retrospective analysis of medical records was carried out, collecting data on age, sex, and clinical diagnosis of oral lesions. The results showed a higher prevalence in women, especially in the 41–60-year age group, with oral lichen planus, systemic autoimmune disease without further specification, and Sjögren’s syndrome being the most frequent conditions. These findings are consistent with the literature and reinforce the importance of dentists in the early diagnosis and referral of these patients to multidisciplinary care. In conclusion, detailed assessment of oral manifestations may contribute to the early detection of autoimmune diseases, reducing diagnostic delays and improving clinical outcomes.