Caracterización inmunohistoquímica del cáncer de mama correlacionado con histopatología,estudio realizado en un hospital de Ecuador

Breast cancer is the most common type in the female population, and ranks first in mortality with 10.9 % and an incidence of 38.2 % of all causes of cancer in women. The objective of this study was to determine the immunohistochemical characteristics of breast cancer and its histopathology correlation. An observational, retrospective, and correlational study was carried out that involved from 2019 to 2021 with information obtained from the pathology department of the Luis Vernaza hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador. In this research, the results were that the most frequent breast tumor, according to pathology, was invasive ductal carcinoma in 78 %. All patients with ductal carcinoma in situ were estrogen, progesterone, and Ki67 receptors < 10 % in the vast majority (83 %). Patients with invasive lobular carcinoma had the vast majority of estrogen receptors, progesterone positive, and Ki67 > 10 %. In patients diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma, the overexpressed intrinsic molecular subtype HER2/neu predominated. Molecular markers obtained by immunohistochemistry are important for the classification of breast cancer subtypes, treatment selection, and prediction of prognosis. In this study, great variability and heterogeneity were noted in the different tumors, which gives them a different prognosis and therapeutic approach.