Evaluating The Usability of A Cultural Activity Model Using Chinese Children’s Songs: A Fuzzy Delphi Approach

Cultural appreciation plays a vital role in shaping children's identity, social understanding, and respect for diversity. Despite its significance, primary school music education in China often lacks effective pedagogical frameworks that integrate cultural elements. This study aims to develop and evaluate the usability of an activity model using Chinese children’s songs to enhance cultural appreciation. Guided by a modified Design and Development Research (DDR) approach, the research was conducted in three phases. Phase one involved a needs analysis through surveys with 150 primary music educators and interviews with three cultural experts to assess the necessity and content requirements for the model. In phase two, the model was designed and refined using the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) and Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) with nine experts. Phase three employed the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) to evaluate the model’s usability among 50 experienced music teachers. Results showed high levels of expert consensus on the model’s usability, including its ease of use, efficiency, and relevance to educational settings. The final model offers a structured, culturally grounded tool that can enhance curriculum design and teaching practices in music education. This study contributes to the integration of traditional cultural resources into contemporary education and offers a replicable framework for similar cultural-pedagogical innovations.