Caffeic acid-related gene expression and antioxidant activity enhance drought tolerance in three bean cultivars

These results suggest that the increased expression of genes involved in caffeic acid biosynthesis and the enhancement of antioxidant activity are key mechanisms in plant adaptation to drought. Identifying and utilizing these mechanisms can provide effective strategies for genetic improvement and the production of drought-resistant cultivars. Moreover, the findings can contribute to optimizing irrigation management and improving production sustainability in arid and semi-arid regions.