Paraneoplastic Hypercalcemia and Other Electrolyte Abnormalities in Localized Ameloblastoma

Ameloblastoma is a rare odontogenic tumor that presents as a painless asymptomatic, painless jaw swelling. Hypercalcemia is an uncommon complication that is usually seen in metastatic cases and is caused by parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) secretion. We report a case of localized ameloblastoma causing paraneoplastic hypercalcemia mediated by PTHrP, alongside concurrent refeeding syndrome due to malnutrition. Accurate differentiation between electrolyte abnormalities from refeeding syndrome and those caused by PTHrP-induced renal wasting is critical for effective management. Treatment involves a multidisciplinary approach and targeted management of metabolic abnormalities based on their underlying cause.