Radiation effects on gyrotactic microbes in tetra hybrid nanofluid: Enhancing mass and heat transfer processes in microfluidic and bio-convective systems

The goal of this study is to look at how Stephan blowing and radiation influences the Marangoni convective flow of a tetra hybrid nanofluid across a heated disk containing gyrotactic microorganisms. The model can be used to increase the effectiveness of biosensing and optimize heat management in microfluidic devices. It also helps pharmaceutical and biological procedures by improving nutrition transport and microbial control in lab-on-a-chip systems. The proposed method has significant applications in sophisticated heat management systems and biomedical engineering. Through the examination of thermophoretic particle deposition impacted by radiative heat transmission and Stephan blowing in tetra hybrid nanofluid containing gyrotactic microbes, this study provides information for improving the efficiency of mass and heat transmission in microscale cooling technologies, including electronic cooling and microfluidic devices. Furthermore, in applications where regulated particle mobility and deposition are critical for performance optimization, such as bioreactors, targeted drug delivery, and microbial fuel cells, understanding microbe behaviour might be beneficial. The transformation strategy was used to generate a highly nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Given the system of transformed equations' highly nonlinear nature, a numerical solution was presented and assessed using the shooting method (bvp4c). The results reveal that as the Stephan blowing parameter increases, the velocity and thermal profiles rise, while the solutal profile falls.