Development of biotechnological approaches for obtaining tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) R1 and R2 generations resistant to water deficit

Recently, there has been a reduction in the area of arable land with sufficient moisture supply, which is accompanied by an increase in soil salinity and is one of the reasons for the decline in crop yields. Water deficit in saline conditions can exacerbate the effects of salt stress.Water deficit is a type of osmotic stress. Losing moisture, the plant significantly limits its vital activity and leads to complete death. The development of approaches to produce plants that are resistant to drought is becoming increasingly important. It is the resistance of plants to unfavourable factors that has always been a problematicand urgent issue in connection with global warming.We have experimentally obtained resistant cellular forms of tobacco and determined the level of L-proline in both progeny and wild-type plants.In the study of seed germination and analysis of young seedlings, the following features were established: during germination under normal in vitro conditions, morphometric parameters of the aerial part and root system of tobacco differ significantly from those of the first and second generation descendants and wild type; young seedlings R1 R2 were characterised by metabolic plasticity, which was manifested in adaptations under radical changes in in vitro culture conditions. In control plants, the level of amino acid prevailed in juvenile plants, and in the descendants of the first and second generations, the organ-specific difference was insignificant.