Review of Modern Chatbot Technologies: Performance, Capabilities and Applications

The rapid evolution of conversational AI has introduced numerous chatbots with distinct features and applications tailored to specific industry needs. This paper surveys the performance of prominent models- ChatGPT, Gemini, DeepSeek, Blackbox, Llama, Perplexity AI, and Claude evaluating capabilities such as natural language understanding, contextual reasoning, domain-specific expertise, and multimodal interactions. The study extends to advanced tasks like coding assistance, image generation, PDF interpretation, and graph generation, employing a robust mix of qualitative and quantitative metrics, including response accuracy, latency, and user satisfaction. This comprehensive analysis is crucial for guiding future innovations and enabling stakeholders to make informed decisions about integrating chatbots in various sectors. The findings emphasize that while models like ChatGPT and Gemini excel in contextual understanding and multimodal capabilities, others such as DeepSeek and Claude address more niche challenges, enhancing the AI's potential to improve human-computer interaction and setting the stage for significant advancements in conversational AI. The study also highlights the need to address emerging ethical challenges and suggests directions for future research to optimize these technologies further.