Analysis of Joint Coverage Probability in Highway V2I Networks

In highway scenarios, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) is essential to ensure the safety and efficiency of vehicle driving. In this paper, we propose a highway network model using stochastic geometry, which comprehensively considers the blockage and vehicle mobility, in order to analyze the joint coverage performance of the highway V2I network. Specifically, We focused on modeling the blockage caused by large vehicles to the communication link between the roadside units (RSU) and the small vehicle. We analyze the association state of small vehicles with RSUs after moving a certain distance, as well as the distribution of interfering RSUs. Based on these analyses, we derive the expression of joint coverage probability. In addition, through simulation experiments, we further verify the accuracy of the theoretical derivation, and discuss the influence of network parameters and vehicle travel distance on the joint coverage performance. Meanwhile, to address the issue of the rapid decline in joint coverage probability during vehicle movement, we propose two schemes for small vehicle association with RSUs. Through simulations, we validate that the new schemes can effectively mitigate the problem of the joint coverage probability decreasing too quickly as the vehicle moves.