Polarization-Independent Dual-Band Integrated Rectifying Metasurface for Wireless Power Transmission

This paper presents a novel polarization-independent dual-band rectifying metasurface integrated with rectifier diodes, based on an improved Minkowski fractal structure. Designed for wireless power transmission, the metasurface comprises sub-wavelength unit cells with rectifier diodes embedded and filtering inductors connected between adjacent cells to minimize energy loss and enhance rectification efficiency. When the polarization angle of the incident wave changes, at 2.4 GHz, its energy harvested efficiency exceeds 84% with a peak RF-DC conversion efficiency of 54.99%. At 5.8 GHz, the harvested efficiency remains above 92% with a maximum conversion efficiency of 59.75%. The proposed metasurface covers the primary operating frequency bands of current microwave wireless power transmission systems, making it suitable for ambient energy harvesting and remote power supply for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).