Maternal Serum Surfactant Protein-D (SP-D) levels in pregnancies complicated with mild and severe preeclampsia: A case control study

Considering that preeclampsia is a systemic disease that affects nearly all systems and end organs, it is likely that the maternal pul-monary arteries and maternal alveoli are also affected by this condition.Therefore, in the present study we aimed to evaluate maternal serum surfactant protein D (SP-D) levels in pregnancies complicated by mild and severe preeclampsia.In this cross-sectional study, we engaged 90 pregnant women between 18 and 40 years old who were divided into the following two groups: control (n: 30) and mild preeclampsia (n: 30) and severe preeclampsia (n: 30).Maternal serum SP-D level was the main outcome of the study.Maternal serum SP-D levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.Maternal characteristics of the groups were statistically similar between the groups.The maternal serum SP-D level was 39.16 31.6 ng/mL in the control group, 21.28 14.07 ng/mL in the mild preeclampsia group and 19.83 19.59 ng/mL in severe preeclampsia group.The maternal serum SP-D levels were statistically decreased in mild and severe preeclampsia group compared to control group (p: 0.002).The maternal serum SP-D level was statistically similar between mild preeclampsia group to severe preeclampsia group (p: 0.967).This results indicated that maternal type II cells and Clara cells in the alveoli were adversely affected by mild and severe pre-eclampsia.In further studies that evaluate types I-II alveolar and Clara cell damage will show the clinical significance of the present findings more clearly.