Research progress on adsorption mechanisms and regeneration applications of modified biochar for heavy metals in wastewater

With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the problem of heavy metal-containing wastewater pollution is becoming more and more prominent. As a new type of adsorbent, biochar has shown great potential, and modified biochar has significantly improved the adsorption performance of toxic heavy metals. In this paper, we focus on modified biochar, systematically describe its preparation method, deeply analyze the adsorption performance and mechanism of various types of heavy metals, discuss the regeneration and recycling strategy, and analyze the shortcomings of the existing research and look forward to the future direction, which is intended to provide a comprehensive reference for the further development of this field.