Laser-Induced Forward Transfer in Organ-on-Chip Devices

Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) bioprinting enables precise deposition of biological materials for advanced biomedical applications. This study presents a parametric analysis of the donor–receiver distances (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 mm) in LIFT bioprinting, investigated through high-speed video and image analysis of 4 × 4 spot arrays. Droplet velocity was quantified and jet trajectory characterized, revealing that increased distances reduced spatial resolution, with significant shape deterioration observed beyond 2.0 mm. Thus, a maximum 2.0 mm donor–receiver gap was determined as optimal for acceptable printing resolution. As an application, a microfluidic device was fabricated using LCD 3D printing with a biocompatible resin and glass-bottomed configuration. The chamber height was matched to the validated 2.0 mm distance, ensuring compatibility with LIFT printing. Computational fluid dynamics simulations were conducted to model fluid flow conditions within the device. Subsequently, LLC cells were successfully printed inside the microfluidic chamber, cultured under continuous flow for 24 h, and demonstrated normal proliferation. This work highlights LIFT bioprinting’s viability and precision for integrating cells within microfluidic platforms, presenting promising potential for organ-on-chip applications and future biomedical advancements.