The Evolution of Electronic Health Records in India: Progress, Challenges, and Future Prospects (2020-2025)

This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the evolution of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) in India from 2020 to 2025. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research synthesized policy analysis, literature review, and secondary data from government reports, peer-reviewed studies, and digital health platforms. The study assesses progress in HER implementation, policy developments, and adoption rates, while critically examining challenges and opportunities that have emerged during this period. The impact of EHRs on public health management, epidemiological insights, and healthcare delivery is investigated, with a focus on implications for universal health coverage. The findings identify key barriers and facilitators to EHR adoption and offer evidence-based recommendations for enhancing EHR effectiveness and scalability in India’s unique healthcare context. This work aims to inform ongoing discourse on digital health transformation in developing nations.Objective: To comprehensively evaluate the evolution of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) in India from 2020 to 2025, analyzing the progress in implementation, policy developments, and adoption rates; to critically assess the challenges and opportunities that have emerged during this period; and to investigate the impact of EHRs on public health management, epidemiological insights, and healthcare delivery. This study aims to identify key barriers and facilitators to EHR adoption, examine the implications for achieving universal health coverage, and provide evidence-based recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness and scalability of EHR systems in addressing India’s unique healthcare needs, thereby contributing to the ongoing discourse on digital health transformation in developing nations.