Exploring the Impact of Green Behaviour on Organizational Green Performance: The Mediating Role of Green Training Programs and Green Compensation in Vietnam’s Energy Sector

Abstract Amid intensifying environmental concerns, sustainability has emerged as a strategic priority within the global energy industry, compelling organisations to adopt environmentally responsible practices. This study investigates the influence of green behaviour on organisational environmental performance, with a focus on the mediating roles of green training programs and green compensation practices in Vietnam’s energy sector. Using a quantitative research design, data were collected from 826 employees in energy-related enterprises and analysed through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling. The findings confirm that green behaviour has a significant positive impact on environmental performance. Both green training and green compensation were found to exhibit partial mediation in the relationship between green behaviour and organisational environmental performance. These results contribute to the growing body of knowledge on sustainability-oriented human resource practices and offer practical insights for organisations seeking to improve environmental outcomes through employee-focused interventions.