Research on the Causal Relationship between Agricultural Environmental Variables and Species Health Based on Structural Equation Modeling

This study aims to analyze the effects of temperature, precipitation, soil quality, and chemical use on plant health, insect populations, and species such as birds and bats in agricultural ecosystems. By constructing a data-based agricultural ecosystem model, the complex relationship between environmental variables and agricultural practices was studied using exploratory data analysis (EDA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that environmental factors such as temperature, precipitation, and soil quality had significant positive effects on plant health and insect populations, while the use of chemicals significantly reduced plant health and insect populations. In addition, organic agricultural practices helped to improve the health of insect populations by reducing the use of chemicals. The populations of birds and bats had less impact on plant health and insect populations, but played a key role in the stability of the ecosystem. The results highlight the importance of optimizing agricultural practices and reducing the use of chemicals, providing a theoretical basis for sustainable agricultural management.