A study to assess the relationship between cognitive impairment and glycemic management in patients with type 2 diabetes using MoCA score

Background: Later in life, people with diabetes mellitus 2 experience cognitive impairment, which lowers their quality of life. There is little local literature on cognitive diseases, particularly mild cognitive impairment (MCI), despite mounting evidence of these conditions. Materials and Methods: We used the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test to determine the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which was previously unknown, in type 2 diabetic patients who were visiting a tertiary care centre. We also looked at the relationships between the MoCA scores and HbA1c, fasting blood sugar (FBS), postprandial blood sugar (PPBS), age, and length of diabetes. The study comprised seventy individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Normal cognition (NC) was defined as patients with MoCA scores ≥26, while MCI was defined as those with scores <26. Results: While 55% of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus had MCI (MoCA score <26), 50 or 45% of those patients had normal cognitive function (MoCA score ≥26). Patients with mild cognitive impairment had significantly higher fasting, PPBS, and HbA1c levels. The groups' mean ages and the length of time they had diabetes did not differ significantly. The MoCA scores were negatively correlated with the levels of HbA1c, FBS, and 2hr PPBS Conclusion: According to the study's findings, individuals with type 2 diabetes are very susceptible to mild cognitive impairment. There was a negative correlation between the MoCA score and HbA1c, higher disease duration, and fasting blood sugar levels.