The impact of martial law on the creation of news content in the «United News (Yedyni Novyny)» marathon (using the example of the «1+1» TV channel) and «5 Channel»

This article explores the multifaceted impact of martial law on the creation of television news content in Ukraine, focusing on the «1+1» TV channel, as part of the nationwide «United News (Yedyni Novyny)» telethon, and «5 Channel». The study aims to analyse key changes in editorial practices, content formation, and journalistic standards under martial law and develop a practical guide for civilian journalists retraining as war correspondents. The research employs a comprehensive methodology, including generalisation, comparative analysis, monitoring, and in-depth interviews. Over 100 hours of news broadcasts from both channels were monitored, encompassing 82 news programs and 230 original military-themed reports, to assess coverage specifics, frequency, and content dynamics. The legislative framework of martial law was analysed, revealing how legal restrictions shape media activities and compel journalists to balance the urgency of reporting with national security considerations. Comparative analysis highlighted both commonalities and differences in the editorial approaches of the two channels, while interviews with experienced war correspondents provided practical insights into the challenges and adaptations required for frontline reporting. Drawing on these findings and the author’s own experience as a war correspondent, the article presents a step-by-step guide for civilian journalists transitioning to war reporting. This guide addresses safety, ethical standards, information verification, and psychological resilience. The study concludes that martial law has fundamentally transformed Ukrainian journalism, demanding new levels of professionalism, adaptability, and responsibility. The practical recommendations offered here contribute to the ongoing resilience and development of Ukrainian media in wartime conditions.