Regenerative Agriculture: A Sustainable Solution to Combat Climate Change and Restore Ecosystems

Regenerative Agriculture (RA) presents a transformative approach to addressing the dual challenges of climate change and ecosystem degradation. By prioritizing soil health, biodiversity, and ecosystem resilience, RA enhances soil carbon sequestration, thereby mitigating climate change. This review explores the potential of RA to improve soil organic carbon (SOC) levels, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and promote sustainable farming practices. Empirical studies demonstrate the effectiveness of RA in increasing SOC through techniques such as reduced tillage, cover cropping, and diverse crop rotations. However, the extent of carbon sequestration varies regionally, emphasizing the need for further research and long-term monitoring. Despite its ecological benefits, widespread RA adoption is hindered by challenges such as the lack of a standardized definition, socio-economic barriers, and limited empirical evidence supporting its large-scale implementation. Addressing these challenges requires a holistic approach that integrates scientific research, policy support, farmer training, and community involvement. Additionally, adopting circular economy principles and leveraging nature-based solutions are crucial for optimizing RA’s benefits. Case studies reviewed highlight the potential of RA to enhance farm profitability while improving ecosystem services. However, its effectiveness is context-dependent, necessitating tailored strategies for different regions. Future research should focus on standardizing RA methodologies, overcoming socio-economic constraints, incorporating diverse knowledge systems, and evaluating urban RA’s potential. As RA continues to evolve, fostering collaboration among scientists, policymakers, and farmers will be essential in scaling its impact and ensuring a sustainable agricultural future.