A High-Efficiency PV-Based Charging System for Electric Vehicles Using Optimized MPPT and High-Gain Boost-Zeta Converter

The increase in adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) continues to progress, owing to the pressing need for charging infrastructure that integrates Renewable Energy Sources (RESs), while maintaining eco-friendly standards. This research develops a Photovoltaic (PV) based EV charging system, reducing dependency on the grid and lowering the carbon footprint associated with conventional charging systems. The research incorporates a novel High Gain Boost-Zeta (HGBZ) converter to boost low PV voltage to a required level for EV charging, offering efficient transfer of energy. In addition, the Improved Coot Optimized Artificial Neural Network (ICO-ANN) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm is integrated to maximize power extraction from PV under changing sunlight conditions, ensuring consistent and reliable charging. The system also incorporates a Bidirectional DC-DC converter interfacing with an energy storage unit, allowing it to store excess solar energy when generation exceeds demand and supply power to EV during low solar production periods. The bidirectional capability ensures uninterrupted charging and improves the system, making it ideal for an EV charging station. A three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) is incorporated into the grid connection, and EV charging is used to support flexible energy management. The system distributes excess solar energy to the grid or draws from it when additional power is needed, providing dynamic interaction with the grid and contributing to grid stability. The proposed system is analyzed using MATLAB, and the attained results are compared with state-of-the-art methodologies, revealing improved converter efficiency of 95.33% and tracking efficiency of 98.99%, thereby highlighting the effectiveness of the proposed work.