Impact of Different Parameters on Handover and Call Drop Performance in UWSNs

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) play an essential role in marine observation and data gathering. However, ensuring reliable communication is challenging due to node mobility and the unpredictable nature of underwater channels. This paper introduces a new method that assimilates the Multi-Verse Optimization (MVO) algorithm to intensify the Hand Over Margin (HOM) essential for establishing continuous connectivity during the mobility of nodes. This paper explains the MVO algorithm and discusses how it can enhance the performance of UWSNs. Another performance metric is Call Drop Ratio (CDR), which measures the proportion of dropped calls during communication. The aim is to enhance the overall network and to curtail the call drops through incorporating the CDR calculations into the MVO framework. This work focuses on specific parameters such as node speed, overlap radius, handover time, and coverage radius, which influence the HOM and CDR to empower the efficiency of network management. Experimental results illustrate that the proposed optimization technique significantly improves the HOM and reduces CDR in UWSNs. This paper concludes with an outline of key observations and suggests potential avenues for future research to further advancements in the application of optimization techniques.