Evolution and textual quantitative analysis of China’s palliative care policies: a three-dimensional analytical framework approach

Palliative care in China is gradually advancing. However, policy tools remain imbalanced, with a strong emphasis on environmental tools over demand-side tools, leading to internal structural inconsistencies. The allocation of policy tools among stakeholders is also uneven, characterized by a single-entity dominance and a government-driven supply model. It is recommended that policies be aligned with their developmental stages, the structure of policy tools be optimized, balanced utilization among stakeholders be ensured, and role differentiation and collaboration enhanced.