Environmental Risk Assessment of Bengkala Landfill, Buleleng Regency

ABSTRACT The Bengkala Landfill of Buleleng Regency has been implementing the sanitary landfill method since 2008 with an area of 4.8 ha. The height of filling the garbage is 8 m high. The condition of the sanitary landfill area has been overloaded; it has now been replaced by an open landfill method, in which the principles of sanitary landfill are no longer practiced. Limited land and infrastructure make the Bengkala Landfill at risk of polluting the surrounding environment, such as causing odors, air pollution, groundwater contamination, and the development of disease vectors such as flies that can interfere with public health. The aim of this study is to analyze each parameter of the Bengkala Landfill based on the characteristics of the final processing location, waste criteria in the landfill, and leachate criteria, as well as to assess environmental hazard indicators using the integrated risk based approach (IRBA) method. The IRBA approach method is an evaluation that integrates various aspects of risk to assess the feasibility of supporting decision‐making for landfills. Data collection by testing and questionnaire methods, laboratory test methods, and weighting based on the evaluation of the environmental hazard index, based on the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works of the Republic of Indonesia Number 3 of 2013 consists of 3 categories with 27 assessment indicators, including landfill location characteristics (20 indicators), waste criteria (4 indicators), and leachate criteria (3 indicators). Study results stated that 6 out of 27 parameters identified had a sensitivity index value close to 1. Especially the distance to the nearest water sources that have been contaminated, followed by the results of BOD and COD tests that exceed quality standards. Therefore, special measures are needed to overcome the danger level of the landfill from increasing. The Bengkala Landfill has a medium risk evaluation with an environmental hazard index value of 430,184. Based on this value, landfill activities can still be continued and rehabilitated to form a controlled area in a sustainable manner to improve the quality. Control is carried out on the leachate treatment system at the landfills and reforestation in the buffer zone, so landfills have a greater opportunity to operate longer than development planning. Attention must be paid to environmental protection and public health.