Controlling the Integrated Performance of High-Energy Salts through a Hydroxyl Group Modulation Strategy

In this study, a series of novel nitrogen-rich salts of 3,5-diamino-4-nitropyrazole were synthesized via Brønsted acid–base reactions. These salts were comprehensively characterized by using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, and infrared spectroscopy. The findings suggest that strong hydrogen bonding interactions between the cations and anions lead to the formation of ordered 3D networks, which contribute to the increased densities of the energetic salts. The compounds demonstrate acceptable thermal stabilities (Td = 209.5–250.3 °C) and excellent impact sensitivities (IS > 40 J). Additionally, the detonation pressures and velocities of the salts were calculated, ranging from 26.5 to 30.9 GPa and from 8027 to 8395 m·s–1, respectively.