Current methods and approaches to the molecular diagnosis of highly pathogenic avian influenza (review)

Highly pathogenic avian influenza caused by viruses of the H5 and H7 subtypes poses a serious threat to animal and human health. Timely diagnosis of the disease is a key element in effective control and prevention of the widespread spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza in wild and agricultural bird populations. This article discusses modern molecular genetic methods for the diagnosis of highly pathogenic avian influenza, which allow not only to quickly and accurately detect the RNA of the influenza A virus, but also to determine its genetic structure, which is important for epizootological monitoring and improving the means of diagnosis and prevention of this disease. In conclusion, the importance of improving and developing molecular diagnostic methods is emphasized in order to create a reliable system for monitoring and controlling the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza. This article will be useful to veterinary specialists interested in modern methods of molecular diagnostics of highly pathogenic avian influenza. Interested in modern methods of molecular diagnostics of highly pathogenic avian influenza.