A review on the structural performance of sustainable composite construction materials incorporating locust bean and mango wastes

Abstract The huge emission of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) from cement industries yearly contribute to the high rate of global warming. Also, the wrong disposal of agricultural residues such as locust bean and mango waste (MW and LBW) has resulted in tremendous environmental problems such as air pollution and compromising available land for useful purposes. This study presents the reinforcing potential of LBW and MW in concrete through the review of previous research. The review shows that LBW and MW are rich in pozzolans up to 77.31 and 78.815%. The incorporation of 30% pod ash (PA) obtained from LBW in concrete accelerates the final and initial setting times of the concrete by 39.7 and 66.8% while 50% of Mango Seed Ash (MSA) increased the concrete’s water absorption by 11.1%. In addition, 0–25% of LBW and MW is good for the production of light—normal weight concrete with density range value of 1596–2567.41 kg/m 3 . Furthermore, the concrete’s compressive strengths drastically reduced by 10–84% and 2.17–13.04% at incorporation of 5–50% of LBW ash and 2–8% of mango leave ash (MLA) respectively. Also, the incorporation of 10% of LBPA and 2–8% of MLA reduced the concrete’s flexural strengths by 4.6% and 4.31–14.061% respectively. The incorporation of 6% MLA and 10% LBPA increased the tensile strength of mortar by 9.36 and 2.79%, respectively. In another context, blending eggshells with LBPA and incorporation of Mango seed fibre (MSF) increased the flexural strength of LBPA and modulus of elasticity of MSF in concrete and composite by 4.68 and 36% respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that LBW and MW poorly reinforced the structural properties of concrete. It is recommended to blend the two wastes with other pozzolan—rich materials such as eggshell to improve their performance in concrete. This is required for future research and industrial practice.