CALCULATION OF HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE OF VORTEX DEVICES

The design of vortex devices for carrying out various heat and mass transfer and separation processes should ensure the achievement of maximum efficiency with minimum energy costs; therefore, the task of determining their hydraulic resistance is relevant both when developing new devices or modernizing existing technological installations, and when solving the problems of optimizing their operation. The paper presents a method for calculating the hydraulic resistance of vortex devices based on the scheme of a centrifugal nozzle, according to which the medium is considered ideal and the flow in the nozzle is potential, with a break in flow continuity along the surface of the vortex radius. The calculation area was divided into three characteristic zones: the forward flow at the entrance to the device, the torsional flow at the outlet of the device, and the outflow of the swirling flow. Dependences are provided for each zone to determine the total pressure. A calculated relationship was obtained to determine the coefficient of hydraulic resistance of devices with moderate flow twist, which is determined by the coefficient of flow twist, the relative radius of the flow rupture surface, and the geometry of the swirler. The results of calculation of coefficients of hydraulic resistance of vortex-type devices in critical (on the basis of maximum flow rate principle) and subcritical modes of flow (by the condition of minimum kinetic energy of swirled flow and by the condition of potential of flow) are presented. Comparison of the calculation results with experimental data showed that the obtained relationship is universal and suitable for calculating the coefficient of hydraulic resistance of devices with swirling gas flow, when the influence of the dispersed phase on the hydraulic resistance of devices can be neglected.