QUANTUM DOTS IN CORROSION PROTECTION

This review highlights recent advances in the application of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) for corrosion protection and monitoring of metallic materials. Particular emphasis is placed on the dual functionality of these nanomaterials: their effectiveness as corrosion inhibitors and their role as highly sensitive fluorescent sensors capable of early detection of corrosion processes. The mechanisms of CQD inhibition in acidic and saline environments are discussed, including adsorption, protective film formation, and suppression of anodic and cathodic reactions. The review summarizes current findings on how chemical composition, particle size, and doping type (e.g., N-, S-, and P-doped CQDs) influence inhibition efficiency, which can reach up to 97% in aggressive media. Comparative data are presented for the inhibitory performance of quantum dots in acidic (HCl, H₂SO₄) and saline (NaCl) solutions, including their effects on steel, aluminum alloys, and copper. Key advantages of carbon quantum dots-such as high biocompatibility, low toxicity, good water solubility, thermal stability, and potential environmental safety-are outlined. Beyond their inhibitory function, additional properties of CQDs, such as optical activity and sensitivity to metal ions, are explored with a view toward integration into “smart” protective coatings. Nevertheless, the main focus is on their inhibition capability and their potential as alternatives to conventional anticorrosive agents. This review underscores the promise of quantum and carbon dots as key components in next-generation intelligent anticorrosion systems that combine inhibition, self-diagnosis, and visual monitoring functions.