Bajakah plant (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) as an anti-inflammatory

Background: Indonesian communities have long relied on traditional medicine, often derived from plant-based ingredients that are readily accessible throughout the region. One such plant, Bajakah (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk), native to Kalimantan and found in abundance in the deep forests of Borneo Island, has been used by local communities for generations. It serves as a traditional remedy for various ailments, including digestive disorders such as diarrhoea and dysentery, as well as musculoskeletal issues like muscle aches and wound healing. The wood of Bajakah Tampala contains chemical constituents such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and steroids, with flavonoids particularly noted for their ability to inhibit the expression of inflammatory mediators. Method: This research aims to assess the anti-inflammatory potential of Bajakah wood. The study, conducted as a narrative review, utilised scientific databases, including PubMed, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar. Result: In silico investigations identified dihydrokaempferol as a promising anti-inflammatory agent, while in vitro analyses confirmed the anti-inflammatory properties of Bajakah stem extract, demonstrated by its ability to prevent protein denaturation. Conclusion: Additionally, in vivo studies highlighted the significant anti-inflammatory efficacy of a low-dose Bajakah stem extract at 2.5 mg/kg.