Postpartum hemorrhage: key risk factors, modern methods of prediction and prevention

Objective. To assess the influence of risk factors for predicting the development of postpartum hemorrhage. Materials and methods. The retrospective study included 193 patients who gave birth in 2020–2024. The main group included: 87 patients who suffered postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) during childbirth and the control group – 106 women with normal childbirth without complications. Risk factors were assessed using a multilayer perceptron. Results. In the main group, a large volume of postpartum blood loss (700 ml versus 190 ml in the control group) was due to the presence of gynecological diseases in women (vaginitis, uterine leiomyoma, cervical erosion, cyst of one or both ovaries) and gestational age (median 39.6 weeks). Conclusions. Antenatal identification of risk factors in women entering labor through the natural birth canal provides the ability to predict PPH. Assessment of risk factors using neural network analysis allows for highly efficient, timely prediction of the development of PPH before birth.