Research on the prospects and risks of digital economic transformation: positive impact, key threats, and the role of clusters in the transformation of Ukraine's national economy

Digitalization of the economy opens up vast opportunities for productivity growth, business process optimization, and the development of innovative clusters. It facilitates the formation of new business models, expands market access, and enhances the competitiveness of the national economy. At the same time, digital transformation presents certain threats, including cybersecurity risks, the danger of digital divides, and dependence on technological monopolies. In this context, clusters play a crucial role in mitigating the risks of digitalization by promoting effective knowledge exchange, fostering coordination among enterprises, and ensuring synergy between the state, business, and scientific institutions.This article analyzes the key opportunities of digitalization, assesses its positive impact on economic development, and examines the main risks that arise in the digital transformation process, with a focus on the role of cluster initiatives in ensuring the sustainable development of the digital economy.