Surgical management of biventricular hydrocephalus caused by tuberculosis-induced bilateral obstruction of the foramen of Monro: illustrative case

Tuberculosis-induced bilateral idiopathic occlusion of the foramen of Monro is an extremely uncommon cause of hydrocephalus. Neuroendoscopy allows for visualization, biopsy, and direct treatment of the obstruction simultaneously. While conservative management may be adequate for asymptomatic cases, neuroendoscopic procedures such as septostomy or foraminoplasty provide a minimally invasive option for restoring CSF flow, avoiding unnecessary shunt insertion in symptomatic cases. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25349.