CD24 gene expression and its polymorphism (Ala57val) in psoriatic patients

Background Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects ∼2–3% of the population. The CD24 gene, which is linked to other autoimmune illnesses, influences the severity of psoriasis through its genetic variants, specifically the Ala57Val polymorphism. Objective The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of CD24 gene expression and the presence of the Ala57Val polymorphism in people diagnosed with psoriasis. Patients and methods This case–control study included a total of 80 patients diagnosed with psoriasis and 60 individuals who were deemed healthy and served as control participants. The Psoriasis Area and Severity Index was used to quantify the intensity of psoriasis. Expression levels of the CD24 gene were measured using real-time PCR, while the presence of the Ala57Val polymorphism was assessed using PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results The study has shown a significant increase in CD24 gene expression in psoriatic patients compared with controls (median=2.14 vs. 0.95, respectively, P <0.001). Genotypic distribution of CD24 polymorphism was in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the AV genotype was considerably associated with an increased risk of psoriasis (odds ratio=2.658; 95% confidence interval=1.245–5.674; P =0.012). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated a strong predictive capability of CD24 gene expression for psoriasis (area under the curve=0.868; 95% confidence interval=0.811–0.926). Conclusion CD24 gene expression is significantly elevated in psoriatic patients, and the AV genotype of CD24 Ala57Val polymorphism is associated with increased susceptibility to psoriasis.