The new generation of sequencing and its application in population genetics, phylogeography, and systematics

The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has dismantled longstanding barriers in evolutionary biology. Once constrained by limited molecular markers, researchers now navigate vast genomic landscapes to reconstruct species histories, map adaptive loci, resolve taxonomic disputes, and investigate plant–microbe interactions. This special issue highlights how NGS tools—from ddRAD-seq to whole-genome skimming—are redefining population genetics, phylogeography, systematics, and ecology, offering insights at scales previously unimaginable.