Development of Lora Sensor Network for Realtime Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring in Aquaculture

In recent years, several monitoring and warning systems of aquaculture water quality have gained much interest from aquaculture farmers due to real-time monitoring and early detection of abnormal water quality changes to have timely solutions to avoid aquaculture death. Wireless communication protocols, including the Internet of Things (IoT), Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), and GPRS/GSM, have paved the way for the advancement of real-time water quality monitoring systems in aquaculture. This article presents the creation of a LoRa module integrated with a sensor network designed for real-time monitoring of dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in water. First, a dissolved oxygen concentration was calculated based on the measured data of the temperature, salinity, and air pressure sensor. The data packaging was then sent to the Things Network server via a LoRaWAN gateway. A user interface was designed to monitor the DO level and trigger the aerator when the DO level falls below the set thresholds. The tested results with the developed LoRa module allow the detection of DO level to suddenly reduce the lower setting threshold in just 2 minutes and trigger the aerator immediately. The proposed system's ability to simultaneously detect reductions in dissolved oxygen levels and activate the aerator, combined with its energy efficiency, low cost, and real-time monitoring features, makes it an ideal solution for water quality early warning systems in aquaculture.