A Conceptual Review on Free Radicals and Antioxidants through Ayurveda

Pro-oxidants/oxidants, termed Reactive Oxygen species (ROS) and Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS), are formed from both endogenous and exogenous sources. Free Radicals are central to both normal physiological functions and the development of various diseases, drawing substantial research focus. Free radicals have beneficial effects on body at lower levels and cause diseases at higher levels. Therefore, healthy state depends on the balance between free radicals and antioxidants in the body. This article explores the Ayurvedic perspective on the endogenous formation of free radicals through the roles of Jataragni, Bhutagni and Dhatwagni, and their relationship with Ama formation. Ama is a sequela of Agnimandya resulting from improper diet and lifestyle. As a defence mechanism, antioxidants help scavenge these free radicals. Article offers a conceptual review of the Ayurvedic insights into enzymatic endogenous antioxidants, non-enzymatic antioxidants such as metabolic antioxidants, nutrient antioxidants.