UV-C priming enhances antioxidant mechanisms and bioactive compound biosynthesis in broccoli sprouts

Foods as a source of bioactive compounds has led to the development of agronomic strategies to enhance their levels. In this study, the effect of UV-C radiation as a pre-germinative treatment on broccoli was evaluated. Key parameters were analyzed, such as stress markers (proline and H2O2), photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids), total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, enzymatic antioxidant activity (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; and ascorbate peroxidase, APX), and biocompound-related enzymes. Additionally, 𝛽-carotene, lutein and phenolic compounds profiles were determined using chromatographic techniques. The results revealed that UV-C pre-treatment induced a significant defense response in broccoli sprouts, including increased proline synthesis, enhanced CAT and APX activity, and accumulation of TF. On the other hand, a reduction of photosynthetic pigments was observed. These biochemical changes occurred without significant phenotypical alterations. In conclusion, UV-C radiation as a pre-germinative treatment enhances the bioactive quality of broccoli sprouts by promoting stress-related metabolic pathways, suggesting its potential as a practical agronomic strategy for improving their functional value.