Performance assessment of a multi-state supply chain network under supply capacity, emission and reliability considerations

• Supply capacity, production and transportation emissions, and delivery reliability are incorporated into supply chain network performance. • The Emission-Factor approach is used to quantify production and transportation emissions. • An MP-based algorithm is proposed to compute the performance index. • A case study is provided to illustrates the applications of the algorithm. In this article, supply capacity, production and transportation emissions, and delivery reliability are simultaneously integrated into performance assessment of a multi-state supply chain network (MSCN) in which nodes represent suppliers, warehouses, or markets, and routes connecting a pair of nodes represent carriers who offer logistics service with multiple delivery capacities. Each supplier cannot provide more goods than its supply capacity, while the emissions generated by the production and transportation of goods are not to exceed a given value, aiming to improve the supply chain sustainability performance. Delivery reliability refers to the probability of successfully transporting a specified amount of commodity from the suppliers to the market. Thus, the integrated performance index of an MSCN is the probability that the network is able to deliver the required quantity of commodities to the market under the constraints of supply capacity and production and transportation emissions. Using minimal paths (MPs), a method is proposed to evaluate the performance index of an MSCN, and the practical applications of the performance index and method are exemplified through a real supply chain network, which provides a valuable reference for sustainable supply chain management.