Age and Clinical Activity Score (CAS): Key Predictive Factors for Non-shrinking Extraocular Muscles in Graves’ Ophthalmopathy After Retrobulbar Injection of Glucocorticoids (GCs)

Age and disease activity (CAS≥3) are significant predictors of non-shrinking EOMs after retrobulbar GCs injection in GO patients. These findings can help clinicians better assess treatment outcomes and optimize therapeutic strategies for GO patients. Future research should focus on expanding the sample size and exploring underlying biological mechanisms to further validate these findings and improve treatment precision.