Analyzing the Gnevyshev Gap across Odd–Even Solar Cycles (SC 19–25) Using Sunspot Number and Solar Radio Flux (F10.7 and F30)

Abstract In this study, we analyze the occurrence of the Gnevyshev Gap (GG) across odd- and even-numbered solar cycles, specifically from solar cycle (SC) 19 to SC 25, using Sunspot number and solar radio flux (F10.7 cm and F30 cm) data sets. To reduce short-term fluctuations and highlight long-term trends, a 180 days exponential moving average was applied to both data sets. Our results show that SC 19 to SC 21 does not exhibit a pronounced GG, whereas SC 22 to SC 25 displays a clearly defined GG in some data sets. These findings suggest that the GG can appear either distinctly or weakly in any SC, regardless of whether the cycle is odd- or even-numbered. No systematic correlation is found between the prominence of the GG and the odd-even parity of the SCs, and this result is statistically significant based on the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.