Unveiling cutting‐edge developments on d‐block iron‐based materials for electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis

Abstract Ammonia is regarded as “Hydrogen 2.0” and is an ideal zero‐carbon energy source. Electrocatalysis technology enables the synthesis of ammonia at room temperature and pressure. Iron‐based catalysts exhibit great potential in electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis because of the unfilled d‐orbital of iron sites, which are beneficial for the adsorption and activation of reactive species. This review unveils cutting‐edge developments of iron‐based catalysts in electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis. Firstly, the fundamental principle of electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis is introduced. The nanostructure‐catalytic activity relationship, the electronic structure‐catalytic activity relationship, and the influence of electrolyte properties on catalytic performance are also analyzed to work out the key parameters for designing efficient iron‐based catalysts and electrodes. Lastly, the challenges and development prospects of iron‐based catalysts for electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis are highlighted to guide the development of low‐cost and large‐scale sustainable electrocatalysts.