Extended drug-resistant Salmonella Typhi complicated by rare fatal haemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis: A case report

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a deadly hyper-inflammatory clinical response marked by excessive inflammation and tissue damage that can be secondarily triggered by infections, autoimmune and malignancy. HLH is usually caused by viruses and rarely by bacterial infections such as <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Typhi. Its rising incidence of extended drug-resistant (XDR) in low-income countries such as Pakistan can lead to numerous complications but rarely secondary HLH.