Platelet-rich plasma with topical retinoids versus topical retinoids alone in acne vulgaris: a randomized trial

Background Acne vulgaris can be treated in various ways, but there is not a single, side-effect-free method. An autologous concentration of platelets in a small amount of plasma is known as platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Several growth factors are released when platelets are activated. They are crucial for the inflammatory process, wound healing, and angiogenesis. Objective To assess and compare the therapeutic efficacy of the topical retinoid alone versus combined PRP and topical retinoid therapy in treating acne vulgaris. Patients and methods In this randomized comparative study, 40 patients who had acne vulgaris (mild, moderate, or severe) were included. Twenty patients (group I) underwent four sessions of PRP injections in the face; session every 2 weeks along with topical retinoid treatment. The remaining 20 patients (group II) were solely given topical retinoids. Assessment was done using the Global Evaluation Acne Severity Scale alongside lesion counts and photographic assessment. Results A notable distinction existed between the two groups after 2 months of treatment and 3 months follow-up. Directly after completion of treatment, there was a statistically significant difference in the Global Evaluation Acne Severity Scale between groups I and II, with group I showing more improvement than group II ( P =0.014). The number of comedone lesions showed significant difference before and after therapy in the two groups, but group I showed better results. However, there was no significant difference in the number of papulopustular lesions before and after therapy in both groups. Comparing groups I and II, group I displayed higher patient satisfaction with no major side effects. Conclusion Topical retinoids and PRP are safe, effective treatments for acne that can be used in place of more systemic modalities when those are not appropriate.