Scrutinization of radiation flow of trihybrid nanofluid with Cattaneo–Christov flux model and oxytactic and gyrotactic microbes: A biofuel applications

The Cattaneo-Christov flux model is used to investigate the effects of a heat source and thermal radiation on the Darcy-Forchheimer flow of an MHD trihybrid nanofluid containing motile gyrotactic and oxytactic microorganisms across three distinct geometries. The suggested model offers useful insights into improving heat and mass transfer processes in bio-convective systems, particularly for biofuel generation. The Cattaneo-Christov flow model, combined with oxytactic and gyrotactic microorganisms in a trihybrid nanofluid, can optimize heat management, improve microorganism dispersal, and increase response efficiency in bioreactors. This framework is applicable to enhanced biofuel processing, microbial cultivation, and thermal management systems, resulting in increased energy efficiency and sustainable fuel generation. The equations are resolved in MATLAB using the Bvp4c tool. The outcomes show that the flow to the cone has the highest mass and heat transmission. Furthermore, higher temperature and concentration relaxation parameter estimates in the Cattaneo-Christov theory increase the mass and heat transfer rates.