Management of amlodipine-induced gingival overgrowth and 1-year follow-up results: case report

Gingival overgrowths are very common in clinical practice and are often described as reactive hyperplasia caused by plaque-induced gingival disease. Accurate diagnosis of the cause of gingival overgrowth is very important in determining the treatment to be applied to the patient. The cause of drug-induced gingival overgrowth is not fully understood and is thought to be a complex process affected by different inflammatory and non-inflammatory mechanisms. This case report aims to emphasize the rare occurrence of amlodipine-induced gingival hyperplasia and the lack of oral hygiene that exacerbates this condition. A 40-year-old woman presented to our clinic with gingival bleeding, pain and gingival enlargement. It was learned from her anamnesis that she had hypertension and used 10 mg amlodipine daily. The patient was found to have lack of oral hygiene, gingival bleeding, edema, hyperplasia, and radiographic bone loss. Along with the initial periodontal treatment (scaling, root planning, oral hygiene education), cardiology consultation was requested and medication was changed. Afterwards, the patient underwent gingivectomy and gingivoplasty procedures. In the long-term follow-up of the patient, the results were seen to be permanent and satisfactory.