POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE ASPECTS OF VARIABILITY PHENOMENON IN TERMINOLOGY (BASED ON THE CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTION TERMS IN THE ENGLISH AND UKRAINIAN LANGUAGES)

The article is devoted to the scientific terminological theory of variability in the English and Ukrainian languages based on construction terminology.It should be pointed out that there are several reasons for term variation.Terminological variation arises due to multidisciplinarity: concepts are often used across different domains (e.g., 'stress' in physics, psychology, and construction), where they acquire domain-specific meanings.Different language systems may use distinct terms for the same concept due to differences in linguistic structure, cultural perception, and professional standards.Technological change also drives terminological evolution, as new inventions and practices require new terms or the redefinition of existing ones.In addition, regional, cultural, and institutional differences influence terminology formation, referred to as sociocultural influences.Variability in terms affects the process of translation, technical writing, and documentation, where accuracy and consistency are essential.Misinterpretation caused by terminological inconsistency may lead to communication gaps or errors, particularly in specialized and technical texts.The most significant issues of the theory of terminological variability are considered in the article: diachronic and synchronic parameters, which characterize terminological systems within a clear paradigm structure; semantic and pragmatic features of the functioning of construction terms, including the mechanisms of representing terminological variability.The article also focuses on synonymy and paradigmatic connections among terminological units, analyzing their structural organization and the degree of correlation with synonymous analogues.These theoretical foundations help better understand the processes of terminology formation, variation, and standardization in multilingual and multidisciplinary contexts.