Main approaches to the ecologization of grape cultivation for winemaking in crimea

In todays world, there is a growing reevaluation of the effectiveness of production systems, particularly in agriculture.As the largest land user, agriculture plays a crucial role in the sustainable development of the economy, especially considering environmental challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and water pollution.Viticulture, as an industry that requires large amounts of chemicals, has a significant negative impact on the environment, particularly through soil and water contamination.Crimea, where viticulture has long been a traditional practice, is facing additional environmental challenges due to occupation and the development of agricultural lands.After de-occupation, it will be essential to reclaim the land and revive viticulture based on ecological principles, particularly organic farming.The object of this research is organic viticulture in Crimea, with the focus being on the agrotechnical methods used for its organization.The goal is to identify ways to restore viticulture based on ecological principles, while the main tasks include assessing the current condition of the vineyards and analyzing methods of ecological adaptation.Viticulture in Crimea has a long history, but the development of the industry was disrupted due to the annexation of the peninsula.During Soviet times, viticulture became highly specialized, which led to the degradation of landscapes.Present-day ecological challenges call for the implementation of organic farming to restore ecological balance and ensure the sustainability of agroecosystems.Organic farming is an environmentally-friendly approach that emphasizes the use of natural fertilizers, biological pest control methods, and soil management practices that enhance biodiversity and improve the health of the ecosystem.In the context of Crimea, adopting organic viticulture could significantly mitigate the negative impacts caused by the overuse of chemicals in conventional agriculture and help rebuild the ecological health of the land.