TO EVALUATE DENGUE PATIENTS IN ORDER TO DETECT THE SEVERITY OF THE DISEASE, THE OUTCOMES, AND THE FACTORS THAT INCREASE THE RISK OF DEATH

Dengue fever, commonly referred to as break-bone fever, is a viral illness transmitted to humans through the bites of Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The causative agent, known as the Dengue virus (DENV), is a single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the Flaviviridae family. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there are between 100 to 400 million reported cases of dengue each year as of March 2023. A key biomarker for detecting the dengue virus is the non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen. This antigen has a specificity of approximately 99% and a sensitivity of about 80%, making it a reliable indicator of infection. Notably, the NS1 antigen can be detected from the first day of infection, facilitating early diagnosis and intervention. Similarly, IgM anti-dengue antibodies are also used to detect dengue virus. Objective: To evaluate dengue patients in order to detect the severity of the disease, the outcomes, and the factors that increase the risk of death Study design: An observational study Duration and place of study: This study was conducted in Muhammad Medical College / Ibn-E-Sina University Mirpurkhas from March 2024 to March 2025 Methodology: This is an observational study which was performed in the Department of medicine in medical wards, and ICUs. There were a total of 160 people of both genders included in this research. All the participants had symptoms of dengue. Moreover, all the participants were tested positive for the IgM Anti-dengue antibodies and NS1 antigen and they were admitted in the ICU or wards. Routine lab tests were performed as per the local guidelines for dengue management. Participants's blood test results, clinical signs, and biochemical data were gathered. Data was analysed using R Statistical Software.