Association of TNF-α, IL-10, HSP70 and HSP90 gene with uterine torsion in Murrah buffaloes

Uterine torsion is a critical obstetrical emergency in buffaloes often results in dystocia and poses a fatal risk to both dam and fetus.Traditional diagnostic methods fall short in determination of the underlying cause and severity of the condition.This study aimed to explore the genetic component of uterine torsion with special emphasis on the expression of inflammatory mediators.To our knowledge, molecular insights into this disorder in buffaloes are scarce.The expression profiles of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-, anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and heat stress proteins HSP-70 and HSP-90 were evaluated in uterine torsion-affected buffaloes using peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Results revealed a significant upregulation in the expression of TNF- (1.8320.176),IL-10 (2.2750.302),HSP-70 (2.0330.301)and HSP-90 (2.1260.112)when compared to normal calved buffaloes.These findings indicate increased inflammatory and stress responses in torsion cases.These biomarkers could serve as prognostic indicators which enables timely therapeutic intervention.Further exploration of gene regulation may aid in development of precision treatment strategies for this obstetrical challenge.